Cement gun nozzle



April 18, 1933. T VAWTER 1,904,990

I CEMENT GUN NOZZLE Filed D60. 51, 1929 Z F2 Z,

/7 E 9 \K H a /m JOHN Z'l/ rw'rse,

a rroe/vzy Pa.tentecl Apr. 18, 11933 w@a pumtin fiiea December si-,*-192a= "sari-arm.iiiieisnr'i.

This invention relates to cement gun 11oz;

zles and deals with the deposition of ar s cles of a hydrated concrete mixture-upon {a surface or informs by ineans of aippressure.) 5 1a.. apply ng cement or gun1te1by pneu matlc means it is well'knownlthfat a certain amount of rebound of the particles takes place as the particles are deposited andthat the quantity of rebound ranges from a small of said-particles, and alsothose particles swept from the surface by the force of the air transporting medium after it has "left the nozzle orifice. This latter action may; be

20 termed .air erosion? and the primary'zsubjvect matter of this. invention. 3

Inpractice it has been foundthatair erosion is highly' obj ectionable in depositing cementitious materials especially in close 25 quarters such as trenches, molds, concerete forms, closed chambers, etcr Certain cases:

have A arisen V where eddy currents and counter currents have absolutely prevented thezdepositing of matenal. It 1s obvlous, therefore,

O that if the air transporting medium beJ separated fromthe material and diverted after it has performed its useful work but before I it reaches the depositing surface that par,-

ticles already deposited will remain in place. thatotherwise wouldbe swept from the surface by the blasting of the air. Ihisinvention purportsto deal with this aspect vofdepositing cementitious materials by means of cement gun. equipment and. provides a nozzle havingmeansfor deflecting thebulk of the air transporting agencyin a manner that it will not appreciably erode. the surface} of deposition. 7'

The principlemvolvedm this invent on 1s hased upon thetheory that if compressed air is conveying material through a conduit, the

air perforce of pressuretalres'advantagefof materially altering; tl

y b m deeke wa gr d a n hem? 'ectidnj of the -flow' of i p r s o con ined e a ilq accomplish this gIih-ave. formed a nozzle en bodying. the principle. of a .tromba,, or a trumpet-shapednozzle, whichdeflects a large amountof the air at the tip of the nozzle;- The arrangement thus provided allows} an expansion; of the air {transversely I to the; di-

stantially a cylindroid'al form; While Lth'e; air' transporting medium" is deflected at the tip of. the nozzle substantially at right). angles to the flow ofthe particles fore, becomes to provide anozzle for use with cement gunyequipment havlngromeans 1n the 10 percentage to a high percentage of thetotal rection-of the'j-flowof material and changes :9 material. conveyed,' depending largely upon thedirection ofthelflowlof thevairhut does. the nature of the product desired. 1 not appreciahlyaffect the. direction oflth'e The term rebound, as used in this confiow of the particles offmaterial. In other nection, includes theparticles reflected from Words, the arrangement provides a nozzle 5 a depositing surface by the; incident velocity wherein the particles'are projected in sub nozzlefor deflectingi the" air before! itilico'mes in'contact' with the surface upon which the particles are dep'ositdfltis thusclearfthat? by deflecting the: air, the eroding. action i v is t e principal benefit soughtinthisinvention." A In a companion" application; Serial No.

the, air is obviated which mama-lea Dec; 30, 1929; I have'sh'own a :1

nozzle'havingm'eans thereinfforfalteringthe a ballistic proper'tiejs of the'particlesofa pro-f jected" mixture means 1 of an obstruction I placed in the p ath particles.

Th s arrangement causes a disturbance amongst the particles that reduces'af large amount of kinetic energy: of the particles into frictional heat and ineflective work; i I It is evident that. a; .combinationof the principles of obstructing the" flow of the par-f ticles and the principle of deflectingthe aircurrent away from the surface ofxdeposietionxmaybe combined. In this case,'a modi fied form of nozzle is provided that is-high-;

lyxuseful' for depositing materialhin ,close quarters where the eroding action of the air a The primaryobjectdf-thisi-nventionithere is obj'ectionablean'd wh'erea deposited prod every opportunity itoexpand and-if an on v p I F I uct of low density lS required. Other. ob-' portun1ty is afforded to expand along the radius of the cross-section, such expansion j ectsl and advantages" will become apparent 1 9.

' upon a detailed description when read in conjunction with the drawing in which Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section showing the principle employed indeflecting theair at the tip ofthe nozzle;

Fig 2isan elevation taken ontheline 2 2 "ofFig.1-; I

Fig-.1 3 is aneleva'tionpartly in. section of a combination nozzle involving'the princi-S,v ple' of deflecting the airand the principle of obstructing the fiow'ao'f'the particles;and ,1 Fig. 4 is an elevation-taken on thelineH' of Fig. 3.. L

shown,-the nozzle Ais formed Zwith outward- 1y flaring wallsy l'l which terminate. in .an'

I orifice, 10 of larger diameter than the base of the; nozzle. This struct'ureis recognized f as' a tromba andis-known to operate a s a 25 means of deflecting elastic; fluids "passing therethrough substantially infth e direction" shown by the arrows 12. In this particular connection,- the tromba shaped nozzle operates as a means of deflecting the airtrans- .30 i i air follows the direction of thearrows 12 porting medium in a similar manner and the V while the sand'p'articles having a greater mass 'L a and a high velocity continue to flow ingan almostunalteredcourse and follow the direction of the arrow indicated at 13; I This ar;

rangement is appreciated as providing a nozzle whereinthe propellinginediuin, i. e., the air'is deflected at the nozzle orifice and,c0n:-;

' sequently -rdoes not reach the depositingf'sur facetoerode particles of material therefrom.

The aresult is 'a practicalielimination of erosion/3. A nozzle of this typedeposits a dense product and is particularly'usefu'lin placing concrete ingmolds, concrete forms,

-etc;., :or 'inany place where confinedspace" is apt to setup'eddycurrents and ,countercun rentsbyreleajsed air; This'nozzle has been i of depositing"gunite in the bottom of'forms i which could not be reachedwith thev ordie ing substantially the same shape as inFig. 1-. V In this instance the nozzle 'A is similarly connectedto a water ring'B which is mounted in the usual manner upon the material confound. .upon experimentation to be ,capable nary" nozzle.

veying hose C. In this arrangement I have I introduced a means for obstructingthenor nal 'flo w of the sand particles and IOfIEdUC- mg thevelocity Of'theTparticleSL- Theernean's intthis instance-comprises anfobs'tructing element E which ssupported upon'v'ane members =17' -1nounted within the nozzle and-ar f rangeddlrectly in the path "of the flow ofth'e particleswh1ch, by impacting thereagainsam 2.'In a device of therein; 1 i a I p 4. In a device of the character described; ajrtromba shapedno-zzle, an obstructing 1ele-' mentinsa-id nozzlecentrallydisposed-there my hand, at Lo aredeflected upon the arrows indicated 14 The air, as inFig. 1, is deflected inthedirecr. if, tion indicated by the arrows 12 and-passes through the openings 15 which are provided a I around the periphery of thetromba-shaped "nozzle A. Forthe purpose of confining the" deflected particles to arestricted'area of dep osition, a sleeve '16 is incorporated-beyond tlietip' ofthe nozzleA andoperates to further reduce the velocitylof the particles by a continued series'of'impactingsand deflec- 'tions. The-introduction of thisii'eature will p H be readilyrecognized as a means of further reducing the velocity "of theparticles of sand and when taken in conjunctionwith the characterized having proper; qualifications so 4 means defiectingfthe air' 'propulsmn means, 7 Will be appreciated as" prov ding a nozzle a:

particlesjtogether with the added advantage of preventing the airirom sweeping the zone.

of deposition and 'dislodging-particles "al-j ready-deposited. This: type of 11 2218111215. been found highly successful fonreducing the air erosion and thereboundingcf -parQ l ticle's dueto excessive incident velocity. z

' Although I have shown diagrammatic formof nozzle involving my inv'e-ntion, I

in the appendi ng claims. I claim as my invention:

prising z a" casingadaptedto be; mounted upon intend this disclosure to include forms; that come within the scope of the invention as 7 described in the'specification and expressed;

a material conveyingconduitfsaid casing being tronibashaped; a particle obstructing element, mounted in the jorifice of said 'noz 'zlegand a' sleeve mounted upon said casing beyond the orifice of said tromba shaped nozzle.

apartfromthe end of said nozzle. 1. 7

In an air actuated material conveying element, aidistributingmernber having open: nigshln lts vwalls 'a djacentthe dischargeend I g lg I h v w y nozzle AhaV I o e member, andla material obstructing K the character "described; I a'nozzle, an obstruoting ele nent-1n said nozzle'and a sleeve mountedon said nozzle spaced I element in said member centrally disposed in, and a material directing member niounted on said nozzle spaced apart .fro nftheendof a the nozzle;

In testimony whereof; hereunto-set "-'Angeles, California;

18th day of 'December,;- 1929.1Y 

